Ana amfani da bututun ƙarfe na tukunyar jirgi da bututu don gidajen dumama da masu musayar zafi
Boiler karfe shambura da bututu, Yana nufin biyu iyakar bude da m sashe, da tsawon da kuma gefen da ya fi girma karfe, bisa ga samar da hanyar za a iya raba sumul karfe tube da welded karfe tube, karfe bututu bayani dalla-dalla da waje. girma (kamar diamita na waje ko tsayin gefe) da kaurin bango, girman girmansa yana da faɗi sosai, daga ƙaramin diamita na bututun capillary zuwa diamita na ƴan mita na manyan bututun caliber.Ana iya amfani da bututun ƙarfe don bututu, kayan aikin zafi, masana'antar injuna, binciken yanayin ƙasa, kwantena, masana'antar sinadarai da dalilai na musamman.
Boiler karfe bututu da bututu, Rarraba sumul karfe bututu da welded karfe bututu (kabu bututu) biyu Categories.A cewar sashe siffar za a iya raba zagaye tube da na musamman-dimbin yawa tube, yadu amfani ne madauwari karfe tube, amma akwai 'yan square, rectangle, semicircle, hexagonal, equilateral alwatika, octagonal musamman-dimbin yawa karfe tube.Don bututun ƙarfe a ƙarƙashin matsa lamba na ruwa don aiwatar da gwajin hydraulic don gwada ƙarfin ƙarfinsa da ingancinsa, ƙarƙashin ƙayyadadden matsa lamba ba ya zube, rigar ko faɗaɗa don cancanta, wasu bututun ƙarfe bisa ga ma'auni ko buƙatun gwajin gefe, flaring. gwaji, gwaji mai lanƙwasa.
Tumbun Karfe na Tufafin Tufafi Da Bututu, Hanyoyin samarwa
Boiler karfe bututu da bututu, wani nau'i ne na bututu maras sumul.Hanyar masana'anta iri ɗaya ce da bututu maras kyau, amma akwai ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatu akan nau'in ƙarfe da ake amfani da shi don kera bututun ƙarfe.Dangane da amfani da zafin jiki ne zuwa kashi biyu iri na janar tukunyar jirgi tube da high-matsi tukunyar jirgi tube.
Boiler karfe bututu da bututu, da inji dukiya ne mai muhimmanci index don tabbatar da karshe serviceability na karfe.Ya dogara da sinadaran sinadaran karfe da tsarin kula da zafi.A cikin ma'auni na bututun ƙarfe, bisa ga buƙatun amfani daban-daban, an ƙulla kaddarorin ƙwanƙwasa (ƙarfin ƙarfi, ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa ko ma'aunin yawan amfanin ƙasa, elongation) da taurin, alamun ƙarfi, da buƙatun mai amfani na babban aiki da ƙarancin zafin jiki.
① A general tukunyar jirgi tube zafin jiki ne a kasa 350 ℃, gida bututu ne yafi Ya sanya daga No. 10, babu.20 carbon karfe zafi birgima bututu ko sanyi kõma bututu.
② Ana yawan amfani da bututun tukunyar jirgi mai ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi da matsanancin yanayi.Karkashin aikin iskar gas mai zafi mai zafi da tururin ruwa, oxidation da lalata za su faru.Ana buƙatar bututun ƙarfe don samun ƙarfi mai ɗorewa, babban juriya na lalata oxidation da kwanciyar hankali mai kyau na microstructure
Bututun Karfe na Tufafi Da Bututu, Amfani
(1) Babban tukunyar tukunyar jirgi ana amfani dashi galibi don kera bututun bangon ruwa, bututun ruwan zãfi, bututun tururi mai zafi, bututun tukunyar jirgi mai zafi mai zafi, bututun hayaki babba da ƙarami da bututun bulo.
(2) High matsa lamba tukunyar jirgi tube ne yafi amfani da su tsirar superheater tube, reheater tube, bututu, babban tururi bututu, da dai sauransu The wadata da kuma bukatar Trend na high-matsi tukunyar jirgi tube masana'antu ne kullum barga, amma wadata da kuma bukatar halin da ake ciki na kowane. za a ƙara bambanta ƙananan masana'antu na musamman.Masu binciken masana'antu sun nuna cewa mafi mahimmancin hanyar haɗin yanar gizo shine amfani da haɓaka kayan aikin bututu mai matsa lamba 20g don sabon adana zafi mai ceton makamashi.
Sabbin samfuran samar da bututu mai matsa lamba mai ƙarfi 20g suna ƙaruwa a hankali a kasuwa, kamar fentin kare muhalli na kore, adana makamashi da samfuran ban da ruwa, dutsen kare muhalli, kwamitin kare muhalli siminti kumfa, jirgin ruwa, ceton makamashi da Kayayyakin kare muhalli a cikin faɗuwar kasuwa na masana'antar bututu mai matsa lamba 20g yana da alƙawarin.[1]
Abubuwan da suka dace
(1) GB/T5310-2008 "Bututun Karfe maras kyau don Boilers mai ƙarfi" tanadi.Hanyar gwajin sinadarai bisa GB222-84 da "Hanyar Nazarin Sinadarai na Iron da Karfe da Alloy", GB223 "Hanya don nazarin sinadarai na Iron da Karfe da Alloy".
(2) Binciken abun da ke tattare da sinadarai na bututun ƙarfe na tukunyar jirgi da aka shigo da shi za a gudanar da shi bisa ga ƙa'idodin da suka dace a cikin kwangilar.
Boiler Karfe Tubus Da Bututu, Matsayin Karfe
(1) High quality carbon tsarin karfe karfe 20G, 20MnG, 25MnG.
(2) Alloy tsarin karfe 15MoG, 20MoG, 12CrMoG, 15CrMoG, 12Cr2MoG, 12CrMoVG, 12Cr3MoVSiTiB, da dai sauransu.
(3) Tsatsa zafi resistant karfe fiye amfani 1Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni11Nb tukunyar jirgi bututu ban da tabbatar da sinadaran abun da ke ciki da kuma inji Properties, yi ruwa matsa lamba gwajin, don yin flaring, matsawa gwajin.Ana isar da bututun ƙarfe a yanayin maganin zafi.
Bugu da kari, da microstructure, hatsi size da kuma decarburization Layer na gama karfe shambura ana kuma bukata
Bututun Karfe Na Tufafi Da Bututu, Abubuwan Jiki Na
(1) GB3087-2008 "Bututun Karfe maras kyau don tukunyar jirgi mara nauyi da matsakaici".Gwajin tensile bisa ga GB/T228-87, gwajin hydraulic bisa ga GB/T241-90, gwajin flattening bisa ga GB/T246-97, gwajin flaring bisa GB/T242-97, gwajin lankwasa sanyi bisa GB244-97.
(2) GB5310-2008 "Tuban Karfe maras kyau don tukunyar jirgi mai ƙarfi" tanadi.Gwajin tashin hankali, gwajin matsa lamba na ruwa da gwajin faɗuwa iri ɗaya ne da gb3087-82;Gwajin tasiri bisa GB229-94, gwajin flaring bisa GB/T242-97, gwajin girman hatsi bisa ga YB/T5148-93;A cewar GB13298-91 don microstructure dubawa, GB224-87 for decarburization Layer dubawa da GB / T5777-96 ga ultrasonic dubawa.
(3) Binciken kaddarorin jiki da alamomi na bututun tukunyar jirgi da aka shigo da su za a gudanar da su bisa ga ka'idojin da suka dace a cikin kwangilar.
Boiler Karfe Tubes Da Bututu, Injiniyan Kaya Na
Ƙarfin ƙarfi
A cikin tsari mai mahimmanci, matsakaicin ƙarfin (Fb) na samfurin a karaya ya samo asali ne daga damuwa (σ) na asali na yanki na giciye (So) na samfurin, wanda ake kira ƙarfin ƙarfi (σb), wanda aka bayyana a ciki. N/mm2 (MPa).Yana wakiltar iyakar ƙarfin kayan ƙarfe don tsayayya da lalacewa a ƙarƙashin tashin hankali.Tsarin lissafin shine:
Inda: Fb-- iyakar ƙarfin da samfurin ke ɗauka lokacin da ya karye, N (Newton);Don haka-- Asalin ɓangaren ɓangaren samfurin, mm2.
Ma'anar yawan amfanin ƙasa
Kayan ƙarfe tare da abin da ya faru na yawan amfanin ƙasa, samfurin da ke cikin aiwatar da ƙarfin ƙarfi ba ya karuwa (ci gaba da kasancewa) zai iya ci gaba da ƙaddamar da damuwa, wanda ake kira ma'anar yawan amfanin ƙasa.Idan an sami raguwar ƙarfi, yakamata a bambanta maki na sama da na ƙasa.Nau'in ma'aunin yawan amfanin ƙasa shine N/mm2 (MPa).
Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa (σ SU) shine matsakaicin matsananciyar damuwa kafin samfurin ya samar kuma ƙarfin ya faɗi a karon farko.Ƙananan ma'auni (σ SL): ƙananan damuwa a cikin matakin yawan amfanin ƙasa lokacin da ba a yi la'akari da tasirin wucin gadi na farko ba.
Ana iya ƙididdige ma'anar abin da aka samu ta:
Inda Fs shine ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa (m) na samfurin yayin aiwatar da jujjuyawa, N (Newton) Haka shine asalin yanki na yanki na samfurin, mm.2
Bututun Karfe Na Boiler Da Bututu, Tsawaita Bayan Karye
A cikin gwajin juzu'i, adadin tsayin tsayin ya karu da daidaitattun nisa bayan an ja samfurin kuma ana kiran tsayin daidaitattun nisa na asali ana kiransa elongation.Naúrar shine%.Tsarin lissafin shine:
Inda: L1-- nisa na samfurin bayan karya, mm;L0-- Tsawon nisa na asali na samfurin, mm.
Rage sashe
A cikin gwajin juzu'i, adadin matsakaicin matsakaicin raguwa na yanki a cikin raguwar diamita na samfurin bayan an ja shi kuma ana kiran asalin yanki na yanki na yanki.ψ an bayyana a cikin %Tsarin lissafin shine kamar haka:
Inda, S0-- asalin yanki na yanki na samfurin, mm2;S1-- Matsakaicin yanki na giciye a raguwar diamita na samfurin bayan karya, mm2.
Ma'anar Hardness
Taurin shine ƙarfin kayan ƙarfe don tsayayya da abubuwa masu wuyan dannawa cikin ƙasa.Dangane da hanyar gwaji da iyakokin aikace-aikacen, za a iya raba taurin zuwa taurin Brinell, taurin Rockwell, taurin Vickers, taurin bakin teku, taurin micro da zafin zafi mai girma.Yawanci amfani da bututu abu suna da brinell, rockwell, Vickers taurin 3 iri.
A, Brinell hardness (HB)
Ƙwallon ƙarfe ko ƙwallon carbide na wani diamita ana danna cikin samfurin samfurin tare da ƙayyadadden ƙarfin gwaji (F), kuma ana cire ƙarfin gwajin bayan ƙayyadadden lokacin riƙewa don auna diamita na shigarwa (L) akan saman samfurin.Lambar taurin Brinell ita ce adadin ƙarfin gwajin da aka raba ta saman sararin sararin samaniya.An bayyana shi a cikin HBS, naúrar ita ce N/mm2 (MPa).
Boiler Karfe Tubes Da Bututu, inganci da dubawa
Ƙayyadaddun bayanai da Bayyanar
(1) GB3087-2008 "Bututun Karfe maras kyau don tukunyar jirgi mara nauyi da matsakaici".Bayani dalla-dalla na bututun ƙarfe don nau'ikan tukunyar jirgi daban-daban, diamita 10 ~ 426mm, nau'ikan 43 a duka.Akwai nau'ikan kauri na bango 29 daga 1.5 mm zuwa 26mm.Koyaya, diamita na waje da kaurin bangon bututun tururi mai zafi, babban bututun hayaki, ƙaramin bututun hayaki da bututun bulo da aka yi amfani da su a cikin tukunyar jirgi an ƙayyade in ba haka ba.
(2) GB5310-2008 "Sauke Karfe Tube for High matsin Boiler" zafi birgima bututu diamita 22 ~ 530mm, bango kauri 20 ~ 70mm.Cold zana (sanyi birgima) tube diamita 10 ~ 108mm, bango kauri 2.0 ~ 13.0mm.
(3) GB3087-2008 "sumul karfe tube ga low da matsakaici matsa lamba tukunyar jirgi" da kuma GB5310-95 "Seamless karfe tube ga high matsa lamba tukunyar jirgi" arziki.Ingantattun bayyanar: fasa, nadawa, mirgina, tabo, rabuwa da wrinkles ba a yarda a ciki da waje na bututun ƙarfe ba.Ya kamata a kawar da wadannan lahani gaba daya.Zurfin sharewa ba zai wuce madaidaicin karkatacciyar kauri na bango ba, kuma ainihin kauri na bango a wurin ba zai zama ƙasa da mafi ƙarancin kaurin bangon da aka yarda ba.[2]
Gwajin sinadarai
(1) GB3087-2008 "Bututun Karfe maras kyau don tukunyar jirgi mara nauyi da matsakaici".Hanyar gwajin abun da ke tattare da sinadarai bisa ga gb222-84 da GB223 "Hanyoyin Nazarin sinadarai na Karfe da Alloy" sashi mai dacewa.
(2) GB5310-2008 "Tuban Karfe maras kyau don tukunyar jirgi mai ƙarfi" tanadi.Hanyar gwajin sinadarai bisa GB222-84 da "Hanyar Nazarin Sinadarai na Iron da Karfe da Alloy", GB223 "Hanya don nazarin sinadarai na Iron da Karfe da Alloy".
(3) Za a gudanar da bincike na sinadarai na bututun ƙarfe da aka shigo da shi bisa ga ƙa'idodin da aka ƙulla a cikin kwangilar.
| Samfura | tukunyar jirgi karfe bututu da bututu | |
| Bututu mara kyau | China | GB/T8162/T8163 GB5310/6579/9948 |
| Amurka | ASTM A53/A106/A178/A179/A192/A210/A213/A333/A335/A283/A135/A214/315/A500/A501/A519/A161/A334;API 5L/5CT | |
| Japan | JIS G3452/G3454/G3456/G3457/G3458/G3460/3461/3462/3464 | |
| Jamusanci | DIN 1626/17175/1629-4/2448/2391/17200 SEW680 | |
| Rasha | GOST 8732/8731/3183 | |
| Material da Daraja | China | 10#, 20#, 16Mn, 20G, 15MoG, 15CrMo, 30CrMo, 42Crmo, 27SiMn, 20CrMo |
| Amurka | Gr.B/Gr.A/A179/A192/A-1/T11/T12/T22/P1/FP1/T5/4140/4130 | |
| Japan | STPG38, STB30, STS38, STB33, STB42, STS49, STBA23, STPA25, STPA23 | |
| Jamusanci | ST33,ST37,ST35,ST35.8,ST45,ST52,15Mo3,13CrMo44, 1.0309, 1.0305, 1.0405 | |
| Rasha | 10, 20, 35, 45, 20X | |
| Out Diamita | 10-1000mm KO gyare-gyare | |
| Kaurin bango | 1-100mm KO gyarawa | |
| Tsawon | 1-12m KO gyarawa | |
| Kariya | Filayen filastik | |
| Sharuɗɗan shiryawa | An yi wa lakabi da haɗe tare da tsiri na ƙarfe | |
| Sharuɗɗan jigilar kaya | Kwantena ko daure ta teku, kwantena 20" guda ɗaya na iya ɗaukar kusan ton 20 (tsayin mita 5.8), kwantena 40" ɗaya na iya ɗaukar kusan tan 23-25 (tsawon ƙasa da ƙasa da mita 11.8) | |
| Takaddun shaida mai inganci | ISO, API, Takaddar Gwajin Mill | |
| Maganin Sama | Baƙi zanen / varnished surface, anti-lalata mai, galvanized ko kamar yadda ta bukata ta abokin ciniki | |
| Dabaru | Zane Mai Zafi/ Sanyi |
| Karfe maki | Q195, Q235A-B, Q345A-E, 20#, 10#, 16Mn, ASTM A36, ASTM A500, ASTM A53, ASTM 106, SS400, St37, St52, S235JR, S355TRH ect. |
| Matsayi | GB/T 3091-2001, GB/T13912-2002, BS 1387, ASTM F1083 ect. |
| Ƙarshen bututu | bayyananne, beveled, threaded, soket tare da ramuka, tare da PVC tafa / hada guda biyu / matsa, ko a matsayin abokan ciniki' bukata |
| magani | |
| Aikace-aikace | isar da ruwa ( rijiyar famfo, iskar gas, ruwa), bututun gini, tsari bututu (tsarin greenhouse, shingen shinge), bangon labule, ɓangaren injin ect. |
| Lokacin Bayarwa | kwanaki 10 daga hannun jari;15-20days samarwa bisa ga qty |
| Lokacin Biyan Kuɗi | T/T ko L/C |
| Tsawon farashin | CIF;CFR;FOB |
| Loading Port | Qingdao tashar jiragen ruwa Tianjin tashar jiragen ruwa ta Shanghai Port China |
Nuni samfurin
